09-01
Coordinating
并列连词💡 概念 Concept
FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. They join equal words, phrases, or clauses.并列连词口诀 FANBOYS：for、and、nor、but、or、yet、so。它们连接对等的词、短语或从句。
📐 规则 Rules
添加
and: I like tea and coffee.
and 表添加：我喜欢茶和咖啡。
转折
but / yet: She is small but strong.
but/yet 表转折：她个子小但很强壮。
选择
or: Tea or coffee?
or 表选择：茶还是咖啡？
结果
so: It rained, so we stayed home.
so 表结果：下雨了，所以我们待在家。
✏️ 例句 Examples
He was tired, yet he kept working.
他很累，但仍然继续工作。
We can walk or take the bus.
我们可以走路或坐公交。
She studied hard, so she passed easily.
她努力学习，所以轻松通过了。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ Comma splice without a conjunction: It rained, we stayed → add so.❌ 两个句子之间要有连词：It rained, so we stayed.
❌ Although...but double conjunction → use one.❌ although 和 but 不能同时使用。
09-02
Subordinating
从属连词💡 概念 Concept
Subordinating conjunctions (because, although, while, since, if, when) introduce a dependent clause that gives context to the main clause.从属连词（because、although、while、since、if、when）引导从句，为主句提供背景。
📐 规则 Rules
原因
because / since: She left because she was tired.
because/since 表原因：她离开是因为累了。
让步
although / while: Although it rained, we went out.
although/while 表让步：虽然下雨，我们还是出去了。
时间/条件
when / if: Call me when you arrive. If you are free, join us.
when 表时间；if 表条件。
✏️ 例句 Examples
Since you are here, let's start.
既然你来了，我们开始吧。
I was reading while she cooked.
她做饭时我在看书。
We will go out if the weather is fine.
如果天气好我们就出去。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ Because she was tired, so she left → one connector only.❌ because 和 so 只用其一。
❌ Although it rained, but we went → drop but.❌ although 与 but 不并用。
09-03
Correlative
关联连词💡 概念 Concept
Pairs that join equal elements: both...and (two), either...or (choice), neither...nor (none of two), not only...but also.成对连接对等成分：both...and 两者都；either...or 二选一；neither...nor 两者都不；not only...but also 不仅……而且。
📐 规则 Rules
both...and
Both Tom and Anna came.
汤姆和安娜都来了。
either...or
You can have either tea or coffee.
你可以喝茶或咖啡（二选一）。
neither...nor
Neither he nor I smoke.
他和我都不抽烟。
not only...but also
She is not only smart but also kind.
她不仅聪明而且善良。
✏️ 例句 Examples
Either you apologize or I leave.
要么你道歉，要么我走。
Neither the manager nor the staff knew.
经理和员工都不知道。
He can speak both English and Chinese.
他英语和中文都会说。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ Neither...or → neither...nor.❌ neither 与 nor 搭配。
❌ Both he and I is → plural verb: are.❌ both...and 用复数谓语。
09-04
Contrast and Concession
对比与让步💡 概念 Concept
although / even though / though + clause; despite / in spite of + noun or -ing. despite is followed by a noun phrase, not a clause.although/even though/though 后接从句；despite/in spite of 后接名词或动名词，不接从句。
📐 规则 Rules
从句
Although it was cold, he wore a T-shirt.
虽然很冷，他还是穿T恤。
名词
Despite the cold, he wore a T-shirt.
尽管天冷，他还是穿T恤。
even though
stronger contrast: Even though she failed, she kept trying.
even though 让步更强：尽管失败了，她仍继续尝试。
✏️ 例句 Examples
Though he is young, he is very mature.
虽然他年轻，但很成熟。
In spite of the rain, the match continued.
尽管下雨，比赛继续进行。
Even though it was late, she stayed.
即使很晚了，她还是留了下来。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ Despite it was cold → despite + noun: Despite the cold / Despite being cold.❌ despite 后接名词，不接从句。
❌ Although...but → one connector.❌ 一个让步连词即可。
09-05
Cause and Result
因果💡 概念 Concept
because / since / as + clause (cause); so...that / such...that (result); therefore / as a result (linking).because/since/as + 从句表原因；so...that / such...that 表结果；therefore/as a result 为连接性表达。
📐 规则 Rules
原因
As it was late, we went home.
因为晚了，我们回家了。
结果
so + adj/adv + that: It was so hot that we stayed in.
so + 形容词/副词 + that：太热了，我们待在室内。
such + 名词
It was such a good film that I saw it twice.
such + 名词 + that：电影太好看了，我看了两遍。
✏️ 例句 Examples
Since you asked, I'll explain.
既然你问了，我就解释一下。
The bag was so heavy that I couldn't lift it.
包太重了，我提不动。
He spoke so fast that nobody understood.
他说得太快，没人听懂。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ so + noun → such a good film, NOT so a good film.❌ so 修饰形容词，名词前用 such。
❌ Because...so double → use one.❌ because 与 so 不并用。
09-06
Purpose
目的💡 概念 Concept
so that / in order that + clause (purpose); in order to / so as to + base (purpose); for + noun (-ing for verb actions).so that / in order that + 从句表目的；in order to / so as to + 原形表目的；for + 名词（动词用 -ing）。
📐 规则 Rules
从句
I left early so that I wouldn't be late.
我早出发，以免迟到。
不定式
She studies hard in order to pass.
她努力学习以求通过。
for + 名词
This knife is for cutting bread.
这把刀是用来切面包的。
✏️ 例句 Examples
He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.
他慢慢说，以便大家都能听懂。
We arrived early so as to get good seats.
我们早到，以便有好座位。
She went to the shop for some milk.
她去商店买牛奶。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ for + verb → for cutting, not for cut.❌ for 后接名词或 -ing。
❌ so that + to → so that I can..., not so that to.❌ so that 后接从句，不用 to。
09-07
Linking Adverbs
连接副词💡 概念 Concept
Linking adverbs connect ideas across sentences: however (contrast), therefore (result), moreover / furthermore (addition), nevertheless (contrast).连接副词跨句连接观点：however 然而、therefore 因此、moreover/furthermore 此外、nevertheless 尽管如此。
📐 规则 Rules
然而
It was raining. However, we went out.
下雨了。然而我们还是出去了。
因此
She studied hard. Therefore, she passed.
她努力学习，因此通过了。
此外
The plan is cheap. Moreover, it is simple.
这个方案便宜，而且简单。
✏️ 例句 Examples
He was tired. Nevertheless, he finished the race.
他很累，尽管如此，还是完成了比赛。
The film was long. However, it was interesting.
电影很长，不过很有趣。
We lost the game. Therefore, we practiced harder.
我们输了比赛，因此练得更努力。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ however joins two sentences with a period/semicolon, not a comma alone.❌ however 前用句号或分号，不能只用逗号连接两个句子。
❌ therefore is not a conjunction — needs a period or semicolon.❌ therefore 是副词，需要句号或分号。
09-08
Production and Editing
综合运用与改错💡 概念 Concept
Combine sentences by choosing the connector that matches the logic: addition, contrast, cause, result, condition, purpose.根据逻辑关系（添加、对比、因果、条件、目的）选择连接词来合并句子。
📐 规则 Rules
逻辑匹配
same idea → and; opposite → but/although; reason → because; result → so/therefore; choice → or.
相同用 and；相反用 but/although；原因用 because；结果用 so/therefore；选择用 or。
单连接词
One connector per connection: no although...but, no because...so.
一个连接只用一个连词。
✏️ 例句 Examples
He was ill. He went to work. → Although he was ill, he went to work.
尽管他病了，还是去上班了。
She trained daily. She won the race. → She trained daily, so she won the race.
她每天训练，所以赢得了比赛。
You can call me. You can send an email. → You can either call me or send an email.
你可以打电话，也可以发邮件。
⚠️ 常见错误 Common Mistakes
❌ Comma splice: She was tired, she slept → add a connector or use a period.❌ 逗号不能直接连接两个完整句子。
❌ Wrong connector changes the meaning — choose by logic.❌ 连接词选错会改变句意。
PR
课堂练习 Practice
选自 GramLingo 题库Q1I was tired, ___ I went to bed early.
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Q2___ the rain, the match continued.
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Q3Choose the correct sentence:
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